Сантехника супер, доставка супер
Sometimes I have to go to the baker's to buy bread and to a dairy shop to buy milk or sour cream.
In my childhood I liked to do the shopping
because I felt grown-up, but now I see that this process is quite boring. And I don't like shopping without any need.
Shops and Shopping (2)
Shopping is a part of everyday life and is a chore that needs to be done. So it's not very inter¬esting or a pleasure. As my par¬ents are very busy I do my best to help them about th
e house. One of my duties is to do shopping. When our family runs out of food products, I'm asked to buy what is necessary. Most shops specialize in certain goods. It should be noted that most of them in our city are pretty well stocked, often with import
e
d and domestic food. Bread (brown and white) is sold at the bakery where we can also buy rusks and roll. Usually I can't miss the confectionary where I buy candies or chocolate bar, biscuits or cakes etc. I'm a regular customer of the greengrocery, which
o
ffer a wide choice of vegetables and fruits: potatoes, carrots, cabbage, cucumbers, radish and onions, green pea, etc. But it is much cheaper to buy all these things at a market where people from nearby villages or those who have dachas sell potatoes and
c
arrots, apples and pears and other things. You'll often and dried fruit, cheese, nuts, honey, meat and other food in markets too. It's better to go to the market in the morning for me liveliness scene and best selection. You can usual bargain a bit over p
r
ices. My mother usually goes there on Sundays. At the fruit counter I buy apples and pears, oranges and grapes, dried, bottled and tined fruits, bananas and so on. I'm also a great lover of fruit juices. At the butcher's (meat shop) they sell meat such as
beef, pork, mutton, veal, mixed meat and poultry. Supermarkets are brightly lit and well laid out. The goods are tidy arranged on trays and long shelves on which the prices are clear marked. There's plenty of room for the customers to walk. In the superma
r
ket most of the goods are sold ready, ready packed and wrapped. You can find wide selection of everything there from shoe polish to eggs. Customers go round the supermarket with baskets or trolleys. They get the food from the shelves. Having filled your b
asket you go to the cash desk, pay money to the cashier and she gives you back the change. There are departments, known as «bargain sales»
, where they sell goods at the reduced prices. It is important for housewife because the prices are going up constantly.
Wars and Peace ( Войны
и мир
)
Our planet Earth is our home. People have lived on it for centuries. A lot of things have changed and a lot of generations have replaced each other, but there has always been a big global problem - wars. People have been fighting since the
beginning of the world. It is very difficult to explain why.
When we watch TV shows, films and documentaries, we often see blood and people being killed. We also hear such words as: I will kill you, You're dead!, Die! and so on. Children watch televisio
n and they think that killing is quite a normal thing. A lot of computer games are based on killing monsters and people. I think this is all wrong.
In the 20-th century a lot of wars broke out: World War I, World War II, Cold War, Iraqi War and others.
Millions of people died in those wars, but this didn't stop anybody. Our country suffered from the war in Chechnya. Nowadays a lot of countries are very powerful. Maybe because of this there are so many wars?
I think it is silly to have wars today. Ma
ny states have nuclear weapons, so it is enough to push the button to make the world disappear. The Americans dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese cities. Many citizens were killed because of this terrible act.
Another proble
m is terrorism. More and more countries are suffering from this problem. It is difficult to catch terrorists and prevent their acts to kill people. The most terrible terrorist act was committed in the USA on the 11-th of September, 2001. World Trade Centr
e
, the pride of all Americans and one of the symbols of New York City was destroyed and thousands of people died. This act shocked everybody and most countries decided to fight against terrorists. However, new acts have been committed. Russia has suffered
from them, too. Many innocent people were killed and nobody can stop terrorists now. They promise more blood and murders.
I wonder why people can't live in peace. I can't understand why we should kill each other, fight with each other when life is so bea
utiful. I think that the peoples of the world must try to stop wars and save our children.
Sport in Our Life (
Спорт в наш
ей жизни )
Modern life becomes more and more technological. People walk little. They prefer to drive cars. They donТ t climb up the stairs. ItТ
s much more convenient to use an elevator. Moreover our life is full of stresses that make us weak and nervous. ItТ s evident that sport is a necessity for the entire society nowadays.
First of all, it gives us health. Jogging in the morning helps significantly to avoid the risk of heart attack.
For the second, it makes us slim and beautiful. For the most of young people it is even more important to correspond to the fashion trends of beauty than to be healthy.
For the third, it gives us pleasure. I believe that every man in the world can find for himself the kind of sport which gives to him an in
credible pleasure. For somebody it will be wind-surfing, for the other football, and it can also be chess for the other one.
Sport is an important part of just about every society, every country, and every part of our planet
Learning Languages
(Почему мы учим иностранные языки)
The problem of learning languages is very important today. Foreign languages are socially demanded especially at the present time when the progress in science and technology has led to an explosion of knowledge and has contrib
uted to an overflow of information. The total knowledge of mankind is known to double every seven years. Foreign languages are needed as the main and most efficient means of information exchange of the people of our planet. Today English is the language o
f
the world. Over 350 million people speak it as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada, and the
South African Republic. As a second language it is used in the former British and US colonies. It is the major international language for communication in such areas as science, technology, business and mass entertainment. English is one of the official l
a
nguages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. It is the language of the literature, education, modern music, and international tourism. Russia is integrating into the world community and the problem of learning English for
t
he purpose of communication is especially urgent today. Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing. It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But to know English is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for every
good specialist. It is well known that reading books in the original, listening to the BBC news, communicating with the English-speaking people will help a lot. When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history of the native speakers. One
must work hard to learn any foreign language.
Books in Our Life ( Книги
в нашей
жизни )
It's no doubt that books are an essential and necessary part of mankind's civilization. It gives us an opportunity to link up with authors who lived hundreds and
thousands years ago. Through reading books we can understand their thoughts, feelings and emotions better. A book is the surest way to bring people together. I think it is faithful and undemanding friend: it can be put away and taken up at any moment. We
m
ust admit that we can't do without books. As for me I became keen on literature early in life. Probably it happened so because we had a very good and many-sided library at home. Since my childhood Pushkin's tales and Krilov's fables enchanted me. Gogol wa
s
one of the greatest authorities to me. Later Fet and Blok won my heart. Pasternak's and Vysotsky's poetry filled my heart with expectation of joy and happiness. Luckily, our country is rich in such remarkable authors. And as for the classical authors I s
tudy rather than read their books. For example after reading William Shakespeare's tragedy «Hamlet»
I came to a conclusion that this rich work demands great erudition on the part of a reader. One must know the Middle English History and the peculiarities of
relationships between people then. I'm sure that Shakespeare was a highly educated person and it is hard for me to keep up with him. To tell the truth I give my preference to the science fiction. It is hard to choose a favorite book. Lately I have read a
wonderful book entitled «The Martian Chronicles». It was written by Ray Bradbury Ч
famous American science fiction writer. His stories have a special charm that lies in its interesting plot, exciting situations and at the same time 5 conveys deep thoughts,
keen observations and sharpness of characterization. This book tells us 3 about the fantastic events, which took place on Mars. I think this book has got everything: actions, many interesting ideas to think over, witty j characters and, surely, a great d
e
al of dialogs, Ray Bradbury is a master of, With the help of vivid descriptions the author carries the reader j into the wonderful world of his imagination. The story is so beautifully told that it is hard not to believe it. This book stirs my imagination
j and expends the boundaries of the familiar world. Normally I read a book once but this book I read again and j again, discovering something new for me. No matter how many times you read it, as it again and again gives you the same feeling of freshness a
nd exciting that you experienced on the first reading. Though Ray Bradbury has written many science fiction books this one is definitely the best.
Newspapers and Magazines ( Газеты
и журналы
)
I think we can't do without means of mass media today. Newspapers and magazines, radio and television are the most effective way of keeping people well informed. They give the full coverage of the latest events, draw our attention to
different aspects of life and help us to understand the events correctly. Nowadays there is a great amount of newspapers and magazines, radio stations and TV channels that we have to be selective and to give our preference to some of them. This year our
family subscribed to the newspaper «Poslednie novosti»
. Our family likes the way the newspaper presents the information. The editorial board pays much attention to different spheres of life. The newspaper offers its readers a wide range of topics. It gives
full attention to international and home affairs and raises vital problems of political, social and cultural life. It also informs the readers about the latest achievements and researches in many branches of science. As a rule on the front page of the new
s
paper there is a photograph with a short article on the most important occasion of the day. Among the traditional sections of the newspaper there are: serious editorials, news reports, interview with famous people, features and surveys. Catchy headlines a
ttract people's attention at once. The newspaper has a weekly supplement for women and for businessmen, which makes the readership of the newspaper wider. «Poslednie novosti»
is issued both: in Russian and English. It comes outfthree times a week. This weekly newspaper is for those whose reading preferences are wide and varied. No wonder its circulation is high. I think the newspaper is worth read¬ing and subscribing to. I
Т d like to recommend it to everyone who tries to get in touch with the world.
Television ( Телевидение)
It is my firm belief that television
is a great achievement of the present day's life. It provides us a great amount of information on the latest news, research in different branches of science. Television
enriches our intellect,
gives us opportunities to see the best actors, performances, famous people and events, which will become history. Besides television is a powerful medium. Some TV programs gather big audiences. Apart from their educational and entertainment value they giv
e us many useful topics to discuss. But on the other hand television has many disadvantages. The first and, probably, the main one is that
television affects our health through rushed meals and lack of sleep. More than that it prevents us from reading books
, going to different sport clubs and other active kinds of spending our leisure time. Nowadays there is a great variety of TV programs such as news reports, sports, variety shows, and so you have to be selective and to give preference to some of them. My
f
avorite programs are documentary ones. They deal with different materials about the wild life, the history of the country and its present day's life. Some of them are concerned with different art events such as exhibitions, festivals, variety shows and so
on. I think interviews with famous people make these programs more interesting. But I'm sure that there is no good TV pro-gram without good talk show host. The success of the program much depends upon the host's personality. My favorite TV host is V. Posn
e
r. He is distinguished by his ability to understand people though we can easily recognize his own attitude to the problem. I think Posner is rather intelligent. Posner is speaking in a friendly, likable manner without any hint of insincerity. To my mind V
ladimir Posner has all the qualities the real talk show host ought to have. He announces a great number of programs but I like his program «We»
best of all. it deals with the social, economic and cultural problems of the modern society and offers the ways t
o solve them. I think this program has got everything: intelligent host, interviews with people-in-power, detailed reports etc. It is a weekly program, which is on Wednesday. So I try my best to do all the things beforehand to free my time for my favorite
program. IТ m sure it is for you to decide whether television
is a great worth or not and what programs to watch, but still it remains one of the greatest achievements of the human civilization.
The Theatre ( Театр
)
We go to the theatre to see a play,
a performance given by actors and actresses. A play of a serious character, dealing with important human problems is called a tragedy. A play of a humorous, tighter character is a comedy (or a farce). Dramatists are called playwrights nowadays and there
a
re no longer such great dramatists as Shakespeare or B. Show. If we want to go to the theatre we buy tickets at the box-office and show them to the attendant at the entrance. In the building there is a hall, a large foyer and a cloakroom where we leave ou
r
overcoats, hats, etc. The audience can walk in the foyer in the intervals. Many doors lead to the auditorium consisting of stalls, boxes and balconies. In front of the auditorium there is a curtain separating it from the stage. The curtain rises when the
play begins and falls at the end of each act Many people must work together to produce a play. The author writes it; the producer conducts the acting; carpenters, mechanics, designers prepare the scenery; electricians and light operators see to the light
effects and operate the floodlights. We, the playgoers (or fans) demand an interesting plot, good acting and impressive scenery Ч that is two hours of good entertainment.
Cinema ( Кино )
In England the cinema is usually called «the pictures». In America the word «the movie»
Is often used. Cinema-going is a favorite pastime in Britain. People go to the cinema once or twice a week. Cinema-going is more popular in industrial towns in the North of England and Scotland than In the South. However, especiall
y If it is cold and wet outside, many people like to stay at home to watch TV. Cinemas in England are usually large and more comfortable than the theatres. Often there is a restaurant, so that it is possible to spend an afternoon and evening there (if you
have enough money, of course). Behind the cinema screen there is a stage, so that the building can be used for concerts and other performances. British cinemagoers see mainly English and American films, though many of the foreign films are often shown in
L
ondon and in the South of the country. In our country cinema going is not so popular now as it was earlier. People prefer to stay at home and to watch TV or video. I like to watch films very much. I prefer thrillers, comedies and horror movies, but I do n
ot like tragedies and melodra¬mas very much, and I hate soap operas, although they are becoming very popu¬lar in our country. My favorite film is …
with ... starring. It is really wonderful from the beginning to the end. There are a lot of films, which are worth see¬ing, but this one is the best one to my mind.
Seasons (Сезоны года)
There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. March, April and May are spring months. Spring is the most pleasant of all the seasons of the year. The weather is getting warmer and warmer; everything changes and seems
to revive. The trees begin to bud. Sometimes it rains, but there are no rough winds; the sun shines brightly. The grass is green and one can see a lot of flowers peeping out from it. In spring all the migratory birds return. They sing sweetly on the bran
c
hes of the trees. The summer months are June, July and August. Summer is the hottest season of the year. The days are longest in summer. The longest day of the year is the 22-nd of June. Some people like summer best of all. All of us enjoy summer with its
cloudless sunshine, with its gardens and meadows full of flowers. There is a lot of fruit and vegetables at that time. In summer many people leave town and spend the hottest time in the country or at the seaside. After summer autumn comes. The autumn mont
hs are September, October and November. The warm days of early autumn are called the «Golden Autumn». The «Golden Autumn»
is really beautiful with its yellow, red and brown trees and golden leaves falling down. Autumn is the season of fruit and vegetables.
But the days become shorter and the nights longer and darker. The weather is not so good as in spring and in summer. It often rains and the air gets colder and colder. Winter is the coldest season of the year. The winter months are December, January and F
e
bruary. The winter days are short and gloomy. It often snows and it freezes. Winter is a very beautiful season too. Some people like it very much. It is pleasant to walk when it is not very cold and it snows. The ground is covered with snow. The trees and
the roofs are white with snow too. Winter also gives great opportunities for those who go in for winter sports. I think every season has a charm of its own.
Environmental Protection
( Защита окружающей
среды )
I think that nature is the most wonder
ful thing in the world. It gives us its loveliness to enjoy and to admire. Nature provides us with its riches: water and air, soil, mineral resources, flora and fauna, forests and fields. But gone are the days when people thought that natural resources co
u
ldn't be exhausted. Unfortunately man's activity has damaged greatly the state of the environment. It's a common knowledge that many species of flora and fauna have already disappeared or are disappearing because of harmful actions of people. Dolphins and
whales are often found dead. Chemicals are accumulated in their bodies which caused problems with their liver, immune and reproductive systems. Intensive way of farming and wide use of pesticides are the main reason why the soil of our country is exhauste
d. Besides pesticides reduce birdsТ
food supplying. They kill worms and snakes. This food shortage leads to death of many rare birds and animals. More than that great damage is also caused by acid rains. Industrial plants send harmful substances and gases i
nto the air. There they mix and are carried for hundreds of miles by the wind. Finally they fall back on the earth when it rains. Acid rains kill fish, trees and destroy the environment. There is no doubt, that there is a serious threat to our environment
.
More and more people realize it. I think it's the moral duty of every citizen of our country as well as of the government to take care about nature. As for our government its main aim is to preserve and to enhance the natural inheritance of our country.
M
any people are involved in Greenpeace organization. Its main aim is to gather valuable information about the state of the environment and to draw people's attention to this vital problem. I think we have to look after our planet and to hand it in good ord
er for the future generations.
Meals and Cooking (Еда и ее пр
иготовление )
When we cook, we boil, roast, fry or stew our food. We boil eggs, meat, chicken, fish, milk, water and vegetables. We roast meat or chicken. We fry eggs, fish and vegetables. We stew fish, meat, vegetables or fruits... We put s
alt, sugar, pepper, vinegar and mustard into our food to make it salted, sweet, sour or simply tasty. Our food may taste good or bad or it may be tasteless. The usual meals in England are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner or, in simpler houses, breakfast,
d
inner, tea and supper. For breakfast English people mostly have porridge or corn flakes with milk or cream and sugar, bacon and eggs, marmalade with buttered toast and tea or coffee. For a change they can have a boiled egg, cold ham or fish. English peopl
e
generally have lunch about one o'clock. At lunchtime in London restaurant one usually finds a mutton chop, or steak and chips, or cold meat, or fish with potatoes and salad, then a pudding or fruits to follow. Afternoon tea can hardly be called a meal. I
t
is a substantial meal only in well-to-do families. It is between five and six o'clock. It is rather a sociable sort of thing, as friends often come in then for a chat while they have their cup of tea, cake or biscuit. In some houses dinner is the biggest
meal of the day. But in majority of English homes the midday meal is the chief one of the day, and in the evening there is usually a much simpler supper Ч
an omelets, or sausages, sometimes bacon and eggs and sometimes just bread and cheese, a cup of coffee or cocoa and fruits.
Our Health ( Наше здоров
ье)
When we are ill, we call a doctor, and he examines us and diagnoses the illness. When we have a headache, a sto¬
machache, a sore throat, a cold or a pain in some parts of the body, we call a doctor. He takes our temperature and our pulse.
He examines our heart, our lungs, our stomach or the part where we have pain, and tells us what the matter is with us. The doctor prescribes medicine, and gives us a prescription, which we take to the chemist's, who makes up the medicine. If you follow t
h
e doctor's orders, you get better; if you disobey the doctor, you may get worse, and even die. We must obey the doctor, if we want to get better. If we have a temperature, we must stay in bed and take the medicine he prescribes. If we cannot get better at
home we must go to hospital. If we are too ill to walk, we go to hospital in the ambu-lance. After our illness we can go to a sanatorium until we are strong again.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
In my childhood I liked to do the shopping
because I felt grown-up, but now I see that this process is quite boring. And I don't like shopping without any need.
Shops and Shopping (2)
Shopping is a part of everyday life and is a chore that needs to be done. So it's not very inter¬esting or a pleasure. As my par¬ents are very busy I do my best to help them about th
e house. One of my duties is to do shopping. When our family runs out of food products, I'm asked to buy what is necessary. Most shops specialize in certain goods. It should be noted that most of them in our city are pretty well stocked, often with import
e
d and domestic food. Bread (brown and white) is sold at the bakery where we can also buy rusks and roll. Usually I can't miss the confectionary where I buy candies or chocolate bar, biscuits or cakes etc. I'm a regular customer of the greengrocery, which
o
ffer a wide choice of vegetables and fruits: potatoes, carrots, cabbage, cucumbers, radish and onions, green pea, etc. But it is much cheaper to buy all these things at a market where people from nearby villages or those who have dachas sell potatoes and
c
arrots, apples and pears and other things. You'll often and dried fruit, cheese, nuts, honey, meat and other food in markets too. It's better to go to the market in the morning for me liveliness scene and best selection. You can usual bargain a bit over p
r
ices. My mother usually goes there on Sundays. At the fruit counter I buy apples and pears, oranges and grapes, dried, bottled and tined fruits, bananas and so on. I'm also a great lover of fruit juices. At the butcher's (meat shop) they sell meat such as
beef, pork, mutton, veal, mixed meat and poultry. Supermarkets are brightly lit and well laid out. The goods are tidy arranged on trays and long shelves on which the prices are clear marked. There's plenty of room for the customers to walk. In the superma
r
ket most of the goods are sold ready, ready packed and wrapped. You can find wide selection of everything there from shoe polish to eggs. Customers go round the supermarket with baskets or trolleys. They get the food from the shelves. Having filled your b
asket you go to the cash desk, pay money to the cashier and she gives you back the change. There are departments, known as «bargain sales»
, where they sell goods at the reduced prices. It is important for housewife because the prices are going up constantly.
Wars and Peace ( Войны
и мир
)
Our planet Earth is our home. People have lived on it for centuries. A lot of things have changed and a lot of generations have replaced each other, but there has always been a big global problem - wars. People have been fighting since the
beginning of the world. It is very difficult to explain why.
When we watch TV shows, films and documentaries, we often see blood and people being killed. We also hear such words as: I will kill you, You're dead!, Die! and so on. Children watch televisio
n and they think that killing is quite a normal thing. A lot of computer games are based on killing monsters and people. I think this is all wrong.
In the 20-th century a lot of wars broke out: World War I, World War II, Cold War, Iraqi War and others.
Millions of people died in those wars, but this didn't stop anybody. Our country suffered from the war in Chechnya. Nowadays a lot of countries are very powerful. Maybe because of this there are so many wars?
I think it is silly to have wars today. Ma
ny states have nuclear weapons, so it is enough to push the button to make the world disappear. The Americans dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese cities. Many citizens were killed because of this terrible act.
Another proble
m is terrorism. More and more countries are suffering from this problem. It is difficult to catch terrorists and prevent their acts to kill people. The most terrible terrorist act was committed in the USA on the 11-th of September, 2001. World Trade Centr
e
, the pride of all Americans and one of the symbols of New York City was destroyed and thousands of people died. This act shocked everybody and most countries decided to fight against terrorists. However, new acts have been committed. Russia has suffered
from them, too. Many innocent people were killed and nobody can stop terrorists now. They promise more blood and murders.
I wonder why people can't live in peace. I can't understand why we should kill each other, fight with each other when life is so bea
utiful. I think that the peoples of the world must try to stop wars and save our children.
Sport in Our Life (
Спорт в наш
ей жизни )
Modern life becomes more and more technological. People walk little. They prefer to drive cars. They donТ t climb up the stairs. ItТ
s much more convenient to use an elevator. Moreover our life is full of stresses that make us weak and nervous. ItТ s evident that sport is a necessity for the entire society nowadays.
First of all, it gives us health. Jogging in the morning helps significantly to avoid the risk of heart attack.
For the second, it makes us slim and beautiful. For the most of young people it is even more important to correspond to the fashion trends of beauty than to be healthy.
For the third, it gives us pleasure. I believe that every man in the world can find for himself the kind of sport which gives to him an in
credible pleasure. For somebody it will be wind-surfing, for the other football, and it can also be chess for the other one.
Sport is an important part of just about every society, every country, and every part of our planet
Learning Languages
(Почему мы учим иностранные языки)
The problem of learning languages is very important today. Foreign languages are socially demanded especially at the present time when the progress in science and technology has led to an explosion of knowledge and has contrib
uted to an overflow of information. The total knowledge of mankind is known to double every seven years. Foreign languages are needed as the main and most efficient means of information exchange of the people of our planet. Today English is the language o
f
the world. Over 350 million people speak it as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada, and the
South African Republic. As a second language it is used in the former British and US colonies. It is the major international language for communication in such areas as science, technology, business and mass entertainment. English is one of the official l
a
nguages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. It is the language of the literature, education, modern music, and international tourism. Russia is integrating into the world community and the problem of learning English for
t
he purpose of communication is especially urgent today. Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing. It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But to know English is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for every
good specialist. It is well known that reading books in the original, listening to the BBC news, communicating with the English-speaking people will help a lot. When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history of the native speakers. One
must work hard to learn any foreign language.
Books in Our Life ( Книги
в нашей
жизни )
It's no doubt that books are an essential and necessary part of mankind's civilization. It gives us an opportunity to link up with authors who lived hundreds and
thousands years ago. Through reading books we can understand their thoughts, feelings and emotions better. A book is the surest way to bring people together. I think it is faithful and undemanding friend: it can be put away and taken up at any moment. We
m
ust admit that we can't do without books. As for me I became keen on literature early in life. Probably it happened so because we had a very good and many-sided library at home. Since my childhood Pushkin's tales and Krilov's fables enchanted me. Gogol wa
s
one of the greatest authorities to me. Later Fet and Blok won my heart. Pasternak's and Vysotsky's poetry filled my heart with expectation of joy and happiness. Luckily, our country is rich in such remarkable authors. And as for the classical authors I s
tudy rather than read their books. For example after reading William Shakespeare's tragedy «Hamlet»
I came to a conclusion that this rich work demands great erudition on the part of a reader. One must know the Middle English History and the peculiarities of
relationships between people then. I'm sure that Shakespeare was a highly educated person and it is hard for me to keep up with him. To tell the truth I give my preference to the science fiction. It is hard to choose a favorite book. Lately I have read a
wonderful book entitled «The Martian Chronicles». It was written by Ray Bradbury Ч
famous American science fiction writer. His stories have a special charm that lies in its interesting plot, exciting situations and at the same time 5 conveys deep thoughts,
keen observations and sharpness of characterization. This book tells us 3 about the fantastic events, which took place on Mars. I think this book has got everything: actions, many interesting ideas to think over, witty j characters and, surely, a great d
e
al of dialogs, Ray Bradbury is a master of, With the help of vivid descriptions the author carries the reader j into the wonderful world of his imagination. The story is so beautifully told that it is hard not to believe it. This book stirs my imagination
j and expends the boundaries of the familiar world. Normally I read a book once but this book I read again and j again, discovering something new for me. No matter how many times you read it, as it again and again gives you the same feeling of freshness a
nd exciting that you experienced on the first reading. Though Ray Bradbury has written many science fiction books this one is definitely the best.
Newspapers and Magazines ( Газеты
и журналы
)
I think we can't do without means of mass media today. Newspapers and magazines, radio and television are the most effective way of keeping people well informed. They give the full coverage of the latest events, draw our attention to
different aspects of life and help us to understand the events correctly. Nowadays there is a great amount of newspapers and magazines, radio stations and TV channels that we have to be selective and to give our preference to some of them. This year our
family subscribed to the newspaper «Poslednie novosti»
. Our family likes the way the newspaper presents the information. The editorial board pays much attention to different spheres of life. The newspaper offers its readers a wide range of topics. It gives
full attention to international and home affairs and raises vital problems of political, social and cultural life. It also informs the readers about the latest achievements and researches in many branches of science. As a rule on the front page of the new
s
paper there is a photograph with a short article on the most important occasion of the day. Among the traditional sections of the newspaper there are: serious editorials, news reports, interview with famous people, features and surveys. Catchy headlines a
ttract people's attention at once. The newspaper has a weekly supplement for women and for businessmen, which makes the readership of the newspaper wider. «Poslednie novosti»
is issued both: in Russian and English. It comes outfthree times a week. This weekly newspaper is for those whose reading preferences are wide and varied. No wonder its circulation is high. I think the newspaper is worth read¬ing and subscribing to. I
Т d like to recommend it to everyone who tries to get in touch with the world.
Television ( Телевидение)
It is my firm belief that television
is a great achievement of the present day's life. It provides us a great amount of information on the latest news, research in different branches of science. Television
enriches our intellect,
gives us opportunities to see the best actors, performances, famous people and events, which will become history. Besides television is a powerful medium. Some TV programs gather big audiences. Apart from their educational and entertainment value they giv
e us many useful topics to discuss. But on the other hand television has many disadvantages. The first and, probably, the main one is that
television affects our health through rushed meals and lack of sleep. More than that it prevents us from reading books
, going to different sport clubs and other active kinds of spending our leisure time. Nowadays there is a great variety of TV programs such as news reports, sports, variety shows, and so you have to be selective and to give preference to some of them. My
f
avorite programs are documentary ones. They deal with different materials about the wild life, the history of the country and its present day's life. Some of them are concerned with different art events such as exhibitions, festivals, variety shows and so
on. I think interviews with famous people make these programs more interesting. But I'm sure that there is no good TV pro-gram without good talk show host. The success of the program much depends upon the host's personality. My favorite TV host is V. Posn
e
r. He is distinguished by his ability to understand people though we can easily recognize his own attitude to the problem. I think Posner is rather intelligent. Posner is speaking in a friendly, likable manner without any hint of insincerity. To my mind V
ladimir Posner has all the qualities the real talk show host ought to have. He announces a great number of programs but I like his program «We»
best of all. it deals with the social, economic and cultural problems of the modern society and offers the ways t
o solve them. I think this program has got everything: intelligent host, interviews with people-in-power, detailed reports etc. It is a weekly program, which is on Wednesday. So I try my best to do all the things beforehand to free my time for my favorite
program. IТ m sure it is for you to decide whether television
is a great worth or not and what programs to watch, but still it remains one of the greatest achievements of the human civilization.
The Theatre ( Театр
)
We go to the theatre to see a play,
a performance given by actors and actresses. A play of a serious character, dealing with important human problems is called a tragedy. A play of a humorous, tighter character is a comedy (or a farce). Dramatists are called playwrights nowadays and there
a
re no longer such great dramatists as Shakespeare or B. Show. If we want to go to the theatre we buy tickets at the box-office and show them to the attendant at the entrance. In the building there is a hall, a large foyer and a cloakroom where we leave ou
r
overcoats, hats, etc. The audience can walk in the foyer in the intervals. Many doors lead to the auditorium consisting of stalls, boxes and balconies. In front of the auditorium there is a curtain separating it from the stage. The curtain rises when the
play begins and falls at the end of each act Many people must work together to produce a play. The author writes it; the producer conducts the acting; carpenters, mechanics, designers prepare the scenery; electricians and light operators see to the light
effects and operate the floodlights. We, the playgoers (or fans) demand an interesting plot, good acting and impressive scenery Ч that is two hours of good entertainment.
Cinema ( Кино )
In England the cinema is usually called «the pictures». In America the word «the movie»
Is often used. Cinema-going is a favorite pastime in Britain. People go to the cinema once or twice a week. Cinema-going is more popular in industrial towns in the North of England and Scotland than In the South. However, especiall
y If it is cold and wet outside, many people like to stay at home to watch TV. Cinemas in England are usually large and more comfortable than the theatres. Often there is a restaurant, so that it is possible to spend an afternoon and evening there (if you
have enough money, of course). Behind the cinema screen there is a stage, so that the building can be used for concerts and other performances. British cinemagoers see mainly English and American films, though many of the foreign films are often shown in
L
ondon and in the South of the country. In our country cinema going is not so popular now as it was earlier. People prefer to stay at home and to watch TV or video. I like to watch films very much. I prefer thrillers, comedies and horror movies, but I do n
ot like tragedies and melodra¬mas very much, and I hate soap operas, although they are becoming very popu¬lar in our country. My favorite film is …
with ... starring. It is really wonderful from the beginning to the end. There are a lot of films, which are worth see¬ing, but this one is the best one to my mind.
Seasons (Сезоны года)
There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. March, April and May are spring months. Spring is the most pleasant of all the seasons of the year. The weather is getting warmer and warmer; everything changes and seems
to revive. The trees begin to bud. Sometimes it rains, but there are no rough winds; the sun shines brightly. The grass is green and one can see a lot of flowers peeping out from it. In spring all the migratory birds return. They sing sweetly on the bran
c
hes of the trees. The summer months are June, July and August. Summer is the hottest season of the year. The days are longest in summer. The longest day of the year is the 22-nd of June. Some people like summer best of all. All of us enjoy summer with its
cloudless sunshine, with its gardens and meadows full of flowers. There is a lot of fruit and vegetables at that time. In summer many people leave town and spend the hottest time in the country or at the seaside. After summer autumn comes. The autumn mont
hs are September, October and November. The warm days of early autumn are called the «Golden Autumn». The «Golden Autumn»
is really beautiful with its yellow, red and brown trees and golden leaves falling down. Autumn is the season of fruit and vegetables.
But the days become shorter and the nights longer and darker. The weather is not so good as in spring and in summer. It often rains and the air gets colder and colder. Winter is the coldest season of the year. The winter months are December, January and F
e
bruary. The winter days are short and gloomy. It often snows and it freezes. Winter is a very beautiful season too. Some people like it very much. It is pleasant to walk when it is not very cold and it snows. The ground is covered with snow. The trees and
the roofs are white with snow too. Winter also gives great opportunities for those who go in for winter sports. I think every season has a charm of its own.
Environmental Protection
( Защита окружающей
среды )
I think that nature is the most wonder
ful thing in the world. It gives us its loveliness to enjoy and to admire. Nature provides us with its riches: water and air, soil, mineral resources, flora and fauna, forests and fields. But gone are the days when people thought that natural resources co
u
ldn't be exhausted. Unfortunately man's activity has damaged greatly the state of the environment. It's a common knowledge that many species of flora and fauna have already disappeared or are disappearing because of harmful actions of people. Dolphins and
whales are often found dead. Chemicals are accumulated in their bodies which caused problems with their liver, immune and reproductive systems. Intensive way of farming and wide use of pesticides are the main reason why the soil of our country is exhauste
d. Besides pesticides reduce birdsТ
food supplying. They kill worms and snakes. This food shortage leads to death of many rare birds and animals. More than that great damage is also caused by acid rains. Industrial plants send harmful substances and gases i
nto the air. There they mix and are carried for hundreds of miles by the wind. Finally they fall back on the earth when it rains. Acid rains kill fish, trees and destroy the environment. There is no doubt, that there is a serious threat to our environment
.
More and more people realize it. I think it's the moral duty of every citizen of our country as well as of the government to take care about nature. As for our government its main aim is to preserve and to enhance the natural inheritance of our country.
M
any people are involved in Greenpeace organization. Its main aim is to gather valuable information about the state of the environment and to draw people's attention to this vital problem. I think we have to look after our planet and to hand it in good ord
er for the future generations.
Meals and Cooking (Еда и ее пр
иготовление )
When we cook, we boil, roast, fry or stew our food. We boil eggs, meat, chicken, fish, milk, water and vegetables. We roast meat or chicken. We fry eggs, fish and vegetables. We stew fish, meat, vegetables or fruits... We put s
alt, sugar, pepper, vinegar and mustard into our food to make it salted, sweet, sour or simply tasty. Our food may taste good or bad or it may be tasteless. The usual meals in England are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner or, in simpler houses, breakfast,
d
inner, tea and supper. For breakfast English people mostly have porridge or corn flakes with milk or cream and sugar, bacon and eggs, marmalade with buttered toast and tea or coffee. For a change they can have a boiled egg, cold ham or fish. English peopl
e
generally have lunch about one o'clock. At lunchtime in London restaurant one usually finds a mutton chop, or steak and chips, or cold meat, or fish with potatoes and salad, then a pudding or fruits to follow. Afternoon tea can hardly be called a meal. I
t
is a substantial meal only in well-to-do families. It is between five and six o'clock. It is rather a sociable sort of thing, as friends often come in then for a chat while they have their cup of tea, cake or biscuit. In some houses dinner is the biggest
meal of the day. But in majority of English homes the midday meal is the chief one of the day, and in the evening there is usually a much simpler supper Ч
an omelets, or sausages, sometimes bacon and eggs and sometimes just bread and cheese, a cup of coffee or cocoa and fruits.
Our Health ( Наше здоров
ье)
When we are ill, we call a doctor, and he examines us and diagnoses the illness. When we have a headache, a sto¬
machache, a sore throat, a cold or a pain in some parts of the body, we call a doctor. He takes our temperature and our pulse.
He examines our heart, our lungs, our stomach or the part where we have pain, and tells us what the matter is with us. The doctor prescribes medicine, and gives us a prescription, which we take to the chemist's, who makes up the medicine. If you follow t
h
e doctor's orders, you get better; if you disobey the doctor, you may get worse, and even die. We must obey the doctor, if we want to get better. If we have a temperature, we must stay in bed and take the medicine he prescribes. If we cannot get better at
home we must go to hospital. If we are too ill to walk, we go to hospital in the ambu-lance. After our illness we can go to a sanatorium until we are strong again.
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